The anti-collision beam is an important part of the front and rear protection devices of the car. When the vehicle has a low-speed collision, the anti-collision beam part can transfer the collision energy to the energy-absorbing components such as the left and right energy-absorbing boxes in time, fully absorb the collision energy, and alleviate the external impact on the body. It plays an important protective role on the vehicle body structure, and at the same time protects the safety of pedestrians in collision accidents and reduces the accident rate [1-2]. Under the conditions of meeting the same crash and performance requirements, the
aluminum alloy anti-collision beam is 35% to 60% lighter than the steel anti-collision beam; in the event of a collision, aluminum absorbs 50% to 70% more energy than steel. It improves the safety of automobiles, and the aluminum has excellent corrosion resistance and can be recycled and reused, which is conducive to saving energy, protecting the environment, and promoting sustainable economic development.
1, the structure of
aluminum alloy anti-collision beam
Aluminum alloy anti-collision beam is mainly composed of anti-collision beam, energy absorption box, installation bottom plate and tow hook sleeve
In order to strengthen the buffer and improve the impact strength, the cross-section of the
aluminum alloy anti-collision beam is usually multi-cavity shape, most of which are in the shape of "Sun", "Muji" and "Tian", and 6xxx series or 7xxx series of extruded aluminum profiles are used; The cross section of the energy box is mainly in the shape of "mouth", "day" and hexagon, and 6xxx series of extruded aluminum profiles are used; the installation bottom plate and the tow hook sleeve are made of 6xxx series of extruded aluminum profiles. The aluminum alloy materials used in each part of the anti-collision beam are shown in the table below.
Main materials of automotive aluminum anti－collision beam
|
No. |
Type |
Material |
|
1 |
anti-collision beam |
6082－T6、6351－T6、7003－T5、7A46－T63 |
|
2 |
Energy absorbing box |
6063－T6、6060－T6 |
|
3 |
Install the backplane |
6005－T6、6082－T6、6063－T6 |
|
4 |
tow hook socket |
6005、6082、6063 |
2. The production and application status of
automobile aluminum alloy anti-collision beam
There are mainly two types of enterprises in my country that produce and supply
aluminum alloy anti-collision beams. One is traditional aluminum profile processing enterprises, such as Zhongwang, Liyuan, Haomei, etc.; the other is auto parts aluminum processing enterprises, such as Yingli, Lingyun, Ben Teller et al. They use their respective strengths in material R&D and manufacturing or auto parts manufacturing for business and product expansion.
Aluminum alloy front anti-collision beams have been basically popularized in mid-to-high-end models of joint venture brands, and are developing to low-end models and domestic models. The application of
aluminum alloy anti-collision beams in the industry is a development trend.
3, the market demand of
automobile aluminum alloy anti-collision beam
After years of rapid growth, my country's car ownership has risen rapidly. my country's automobile production increased from 13.79 million in 2009 to 25.72 million in 2019, with a compound annual growth rate of 6.4%. In the process of transformation and upgrading of my country's automobile industry, affected by factors such as Sino-US economic and trade frictions, switching of environmental protection standards, and the decline of new energy subsidies, production declined for two consecutive years in 2018 and 2019, but it still ranked first in the world for 11 consecutive years.
With the development of my country's automobile industry, my country's
aluminum alloy anti-collision beam market is also growing rapidly, but the overall scale is still relatively small. According to the forecast of the market demand and scale of
aluminum alloy anti-collision beams in my country by the Automotive Lightweight Technology Innovation Strategic Alliance, by 2020, the market demand for
aluminum alloy anti-collision beams in my country will be about 80,000 tons, and the market size will be about 3 billion yuan. In 2025, the market demand is about 140,000 tons, and the market size is expected to reach 4.8 billion yuan. By 2030, the market demand is about 220,000 tons, and the market size is expected to reach 7.7 billion yuan, with a compound annual growth rate of about 13. % .
